{"slug":"what-are-peptides-diabetic-neuropathy","verification":{"valid":true,"entries":6,"head":"04099d3fc3f7e761d7701e00948a87b7f6c16dee123a8f090118694d5d6af918"},"count":6,"sources":[{"id":"s5","type":"pubmed","url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2266809/","title":"Effect of C-Peptide on Diabetic Neuropathy in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes","quote":"C-peptide in replacement doses has the ability to improve peripheral nerve function and prevent or reverse the development of nerve structural abnormalities.","summary":"Early human trial summary on C-peptide effects.","claim_ids":["c1"],"found_by":"grok/grok-4.3","extra":{},"accessed_at":"2026-06-29T22:04:45.021Z","link_status":"ok","quote_status":"verified","prev":"genesis","hash":"7fb379b5a317fc59e075a8949294fb725f79d7e3392232cb39a65bf9a99698a6"},{"id":"s6","type":"clinical_trial","url":"https://diabetesjournals.org/care/article/39/4/596/28958/Long-Acting-C-Peptide-and-Neuropathy-in-Type-1","title":"Long-Acting C-Peptide and Neuropathy in Type 1 Diabetes: A 12-Month Clinical Trial","quote":"After 52 weeks, SNCV had increased by 1.0 ± 0.24 m/s (P < 0.001 within group) in patients receiving C-peptide (combined groups), but the corresponding value for the placebo group was 1.2 ± 0.29 m/s. Compared with basal, VPT had improved by 25% after 52 weeks of C-peptide therapy (Δ for combined C-peptide groups: −4.5 ± 1.0 μm, placebo group: −0.1 ± 0.9 μm; P < 0.001).","summary":"Detailed results from the 250-patient RCT.","claim_ids":["c1"],"found_by":"grok/grok-4.3","extra":{},"accessed_at":"2026-06-29T22:04:45.021Z","link_status":"http_403","quote_status":"unverified","prev":"7fb379b5a317fc59e075a8949294fb725f79d7e3392232cb39a65bf9a99698a6","hash":"5099b6a743d6becc2fe73c046b556b0f5bb930809367682529193f10e5f38365"},{"id":"s20","type":"pubmed","url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3533234/","title":"Thymosin β4 Promotes the Recovery of Peripheral Neuropathy in Diabetic Mice","quote":"Tβ4 treatment of diabetic mice increased functional vascular density and regional blood flow in the sciatic nerve, and improved nerve function.","summary":"Mouse study findings on TB4.","claim_ids":["c3"],"found_by":"grok/grok-4.3","extra":{},"accessed_at":"2026-06-29T22:04:45.021Z","link_status":"ok","quote_status":"verified","prev":"5099b6a743d6becc2fe73c046b556b0f5bb930809367682529193f10e5f38365","hash":"049386e77286a7cc2526cb8b43b9fca587a335108fb32b2f5c93f712b9c4d225"},{"id":"s27","type":"review","url":"https://journals.lww.com/painrpts/fulltext/2016/08000/targeting_the_innate_repair_receptor_to_treat.2.aspx","title":"Targeting the innate repair receptor to treat neuropathy","quote":"Forty-eight T2D patients with moderate to severe SFN-induced chronic pain were treated with daily subcutaneous injections of ARA290 4 mg or placebo for 28 days. The results of the trial were similar to those obtained earlier in sarcoidosis patients with improvements in neuropathic symptoms, an increase in CNFD in patients with an initial reduction in CNFD.","summary":"Summary of ARA-290 T2D trial.","claim_ids":["c2"],"found_by":"grok/grok-4.3","extra":{},"accessed_at":"2026-06-29T22:04:45.021Z","link_status":"http_403","quote_status":"unverified","prev":"049386e77286a7cc2526cb8b43b9fca587a335108fb32b2f5c93f712b9c4d225","hash":"7f213fb4cd9c48d05aa64a02ae4adf44fb73cae9cf4895c19cde84e9bd30d54e"},{"id":"s28","type":"pubmed","url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4365069/","title":"ARA 290, a Nonerythropoietic Peptide Engineered from Erythropoietin, Improves Metabolic Control and Neuropathic Symptoms in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes","quote":"Neuropathic symptoms as assessed by the PainDetect questionnaire improved significantly in the ARA 290 group. Mean corneal nerve fiber density (CNFD) was reduced significantly compared with normal controls and subjects with a mean CNFD >1 standard deviation from normal showed a significant increase in CNFD compared with no change in the placebo group.","summary":"Phase 2 trial results for ARA-290.","claim_ids":["c2"],"found_by":"grok/grok-4.3","extra":{},"accessed_at":"2026-06-29T22:04:45.021Z","link_status":"ok","quote_status":"verified","prev":"7f213fb4cd9c48d05aa64a02ae4adf44fb73cae9cf4895c19cde84e9bd30d54e","hash":"f7b7ad5e823ea62526f573252e268986763609794a4f16607bfb6dbe7c9bb3a0"},{"id":"s4","type":"other","url":"https://www.yoodirecthealth.com/blog/bpc-157-research-healing-recovery/","title":"BPC-157 Peptide: Benefits for Healing, Recovery & Nerve Regeneration","quote":"A 2009 study showed the peptide could improve functional recovery following sciatic nerve transection in rats, suggesting applications for nerve injury recovery.","summary":"Reference to rat nerve study.","claim_ids":["c4"],"found_by":"grok/grok-4.3","extra":{},"accessed_at":"2026-06-29T22:04:45.021Z","link_status":"ok","quote_status":"verified","prev":"f7b7ad5e823ea62526f573252e268986763609794a4f16607bfb6dbe7c9bb3a0","hash":"04099d3fc3f7e761d7701e00948a87b7f6c16dee123a8f090118694d5d6af918"}]}