{"slug":"thymosin-alpha-1-gut","verification":{"valid":true,"entries":10,"head":"3aba385642d0154e63f0e27c90f2744cc8da33eb08e507d72c7109d9a1792d2d"},"count":10,"sources":[{"id":"s1","type":"pubmed","url":"https://www.life-science-alliance.org/content/3/10/e202000662","title":"Thymosin α1 protects from CTLA-4 intestinal immunopathology","quote":"We demonstrate that thymosin α1 (Tα1), an endogenous peptide with immunomodulatory activities, can protect mice from intestinal toxicity.","summary":"Mouse study showing protection via IDO1 pathway in gut immunopathology model.","claim_ids":["c2"],"found_by":"grok/grok-4.3","extra":{},"accessed_at":"2026-06-29T23:03:58.735Z","link_status":"ok","quote_status":"unverified","prev":"genesis","hash":"00f79b3e4845cc3aff72e81b60a488da8797355f8169835a68440d62ab75a3cb"},{"id":"s3","type":"clinical_trial","url":"https://www.bmj.com/content/388/bmj-2024-082583","title":"The efficacy and safety of thymosin α1 for sepsis (TESTS)","quote":"This trial found no clear evidence to suggest that thymosin α1 decreases 28 day all cause mortality in adults with sepsis.","summary":"Phase 3 human trial in sepsis; negative for mortality.","claim_ids":["c3"],"found_by":"grok/grok-4.3","extra":{},"accessed_at":"2026-06-29T23:03:58.735Z","link_status":"http_403","quote_status":"unverified","prev":"00f79b3e4845cc3aff72e81b60a488da8797355f8169835a68440d62ab75a3cb","hash":"5bf3daeecb81ea2bfec4b2e70e6eb94cc4ac24bb7cc704ac2732f689dd759b59"},{"id":"s4","type":"other","url":"https://formblends.com/articles/peptide-hub/thymosin-alpha-1-for-gut-health-complete-guide","title":"Thymosin Alpha-1 For Gut Health: Complete Guide","quote":"Direct human studies on Ta1 and gut-specific immune modulation are limited. ... Human studies specifically examining Ta1 and intestinal permeability aren't yet available.","summary":"Commercial review noting evidence gaps and mechanistic points.","claim_ids":["c5"],"found_by":"grok/grok-4.3","extra":{},"accessed_at":"2026-06-29T23:03:58.735Z","link_status":"ok","quote_status":"unverified","prev":"5bf3daeecb81ea2bfec4b2e70e6eb94cc4ac24bb7cc704ac2732f689dd759b59","hash":"36ec550ce21906587673d3f3ef09972d33290bba2e474275267f13c6dc808706"},{"id":"s5","type":"review","url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7747025/","title":"Thymosin alpha 1: A comprehensive review of the literature","quote":"Thymosin alpha 1 is a peptide naturally occurring in the thymus that has long been recognized for modifying, enhancing, and restoring immune function.","summary":"Broad review of immune modulator properties.","claim_ids":["c1"],"found_by":"grok/grok-4.3","extra":{},"accessed_at":"2026-06-29T23:03:58.735Z","link_status":"ok","quote_status":"unverified","prev":"36ec550ce21906587673d3f3ef09972d33290bba2e474275267f13c6dc808706","hash":"013edc2090d9729af35818bfb4a000d1976ff82d4b64cf31368a479cc119a989"},{"id":"s16","type":"pubmed","url":"https://www.life-science-alliance.org/content/3/10/e202000662","title":"Thymosin α1 protects from CTLA-4 intestinal immunopathology","quote":"Specifically, Tα1 efficiently prevented immune adverse pathology in the gut by promoting the indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) 1–dependent ...","summary":"Details the tolerogenic mechanism in the mouse gut study.","claim_ids":["c2"],"found_by":"grok/grok-4.3","extra":{},"accessed_at":"2026-06-29T23:03:58.735Z","link_status":"ok","quote_status":"unverified","prev":"013edc2090d9729af35818bfb4a000d1976ff82d4b64cf31368a479cc119a989","hash":"586d3492f04a35cdf5fd63badca2bcaf136614306158117872fca64baaf7c241"},{"id":"s17","type":"pubmed","url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S022352342030893X","title":"Thymosin alpha 1 exerts beneficial extrapulmonary effects in cystic fibrosis","quote":"We found that Tα1 restored barrier integrity and immune homeostasis in the inflamed gut of WT and CF mice as well as in mice with the metabolic syndrome...","summary":"Mouse data on gut barrier restoration.","claim_ids":["c4"],"found_by":"grok/grok-4.3","extra":{},"accessed_at":"2026-06-29T23:03:58.735Z","link_status":"http_403","quote_status":"unverified","prev":"586d3492f04a35cdf5fd63badca2bcaf136614306158117872fca64baaf7c241","hash":"8621b0c77569fab705d47d3ee7f2d4d9433e56242240dbf9a51d18f98b2c01e8"},{"id":"s19","type":"pubmed","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27450734/","title":"Immune Modulation with Thymosin Alpha 1 Treatment","quote":"Ta1 acts through Toll-like receptors in both myeloid and plasmacytoid dendritic cells, leading to activation and stimulation of signaling pathways...","summary":"Mechanistic description of dendritic cell interaction.","claim_ids":["c1"],"found_by":"grok/grok-4.3","extra":{},"accessed_at":"2026-06-29T23:03:58.735Z","link_status":"ok","quote_status":"unverified","prev":"8621b0c77569fab705d47d3ee7f2d4d9433e56242240dbf9a51d18f98b2c01e8","hash":"ef3ba7a5f2e6bef76572c0159e40eb856a76717731877dcc3d924d571f4d0806"},{"id":"s24","type":"reddit","url":"https://www.reddit.com/r/MCAS/comments/1mcx0o3/peptide_called_thymosin_alpha_1_is_resolving_my/","title":"Peptide called Thymosin Alpha 1 is resolving my MCAS","quote":"My MCAS is not confined to my gut but easing GI symptoms has made a huge difference.","summary":"Anecdotal report of GI symptom improvement in MCAS.","claim_ids":["c6"],"found_by":"grok/grok-4.3","extra":{},"accessed_at":"2026-06-29T23:03:58.735Z","link_status":"ok","quote_status":"unverified","prev":"ef3ba7a5f2e6bef76572c0159e40eb856a76717731877dcc3d924d571f4d0806","hash":"91ed42355f40941f3c87ccb8b337590b3574b6f0de42c9808df36e70d27fe245"},{"id":"s25","type":"reddit","url":"https://www.reddit.com/r/PeptidePathways/comments/1sb0nxo/peptide_research_for_crohns_disease/","title":"Peptide Research for Crohn's Disease","quote":"Thymosin Alpha-1 modulates T-cell function and restores immune balance in autoimmune conditions.","summary":"Discussion including Crohn's context.","claim_ids":["c6"],"found_by":"grok/grok-4.3","extra":{},"accessed_at":"2026-06-29T23:03:58.735Z","link_status":"ok","quote_status":"unverified","prev":"91ed42355f40941f3c87ccb8b337590b3574b6f0de42c9808df36e70d27fe245","hash":"c0c90664da8354c1d0b7a69862ba91df9a6d5f7af63f48508dacdb3efabf2dd6"},{"id":"s30","type":"reddit","url":"https://www.reddit.com/r/ankylosingspondylitis/comments/1rzhnmd/thymosin_alpha_1_peptide/","title":"Thymosin alpha 1 peptide?","quote":"It sent me into a flare from h3ll every single time.","summary":"Counter-anecdote of symptom worsening.","claim_ids":["c6"],"found_by":"grok/grok-4.3","extra":{},"accessed_at":"2026-06-29T23:03:58.735Z","link_status":"ok","quote_status":"unverified","prev":"c0c90664da8354c1d0b7a69862ba91df9a6d5f7af63f48508dacdb3efabf2dd6","hash":"3aba385642d0154e63f0e27c90f2744cc8da33eb08e507d72c7109d9a1792d2d"}]}