{"slug":"ara-290-diabetic-neuropathy","verification":{"valid":true,"entries":28,"head":"0f374475cc703edbb0fcd82398265d9422965501df015a90f889d696878d88b2"},"energy":{"passes":28,"tokens_in":18831,"tokens_out":2655,"tokens_total":21486,"cost_usd":0,"models":{"grok/grok-4.3":2,"grok-4.3":9,"system/audit-repair":9,"kimi/moonshot-v1-8k":2,"gemini/gemini-2.5-flash":2,"repair":1,"fill-slots":2,"owner":1},"head":"0f374475cc703edbb0fcd82398265d9422965501df015a90f889d696878d88b2"},"provenance":[{"ts":"2026-06-29T08:52:09.173Z","model":"grok/grok-4.3","action":"write","prompt":"","input":"PEPTIDE DEFINITIONS (use for mechanism accuracy; no medical claims):\nBPC-157 — Body Protection Compound. Derived from gastric juice protein. Builds new blood vessels into damaged tissue locally. 100+ animal/cell studies (tendon, gut, muscle, bone, nerve).\nTB-500 — Synthetic Thymosin Beta-4. Moves repair cells to damage; clears stuck inflammation systemically. Production drops ~60% by age 60.\nARA-290 — Nerve repair peptide with human clinical trial data. Regrows damaged nerves; does not mask nerve pain.\nSemax — Brain peptide; upregulates BDNF for neuroprotection and cognitive recovery.\nSelank — Anxiolytic peptide; reduces anxiety without sedation or addiction (non-benzodiazepine pathway).\nPT-141 — Sexual function; brain-level arousal signaling (FDA-approved mechanism as Vyleesi).\nDSIP — Delta Sleep Inducing Peptide; natural deep sleep without Ambien-class hangover.\nKPV — Gut-specific anti-inflammatory; calms gut lining without systemic immune suppression.\nGHK-Cu — Tissue remodeling; builds collagen scaffolding. Production drops 60-80% with age.\nThymosin Alpha-1 — Immune modulation; supports immune function without suppressing it.\n\nWrite a data-first, evidence-graded article: ARA-290 for Diabetic Neuropathy\n\nAudience: 10M diabetics with nerve damage. The problem: high blood sugar damages blood vessels feeding nerves; current treatments mask pain. Why ARA-290 maps: human clinical trial data specifically for diabetic neuropathy; studied for regrowing nerve fibers and restoring sensation. Novelty: 8/10.\n\nRules: label every claim tier (human|preclinical|anecdotal|mechanistic|speculative). Separate rat studies from human trials from user reports. No medical claims or treatment promises. Use repair-vs-suppression framing where relevant. register: source_ledger.","response":"{\n  \"slug\": \"ara-290-diabetic-neuropathy\",\n  \"title\": \"ARA-290 for Diabetic Neuropathy: Human Trial Data\",\n  \"body\": \"## Background on Diabetic Neuropathy\\nHigh blood sugar damages blood vessels supplying nerves, leading to small fiber neuropathy (SFN) characterized by sensory symptoms. Standard approaches often address symptoms rather than underlying processes.\\n\\n## Human Clinical Data\\nA 2015 phase 2 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial (n=48 completers from 49 enrolled with type 2 diabetes and painful distal neuropathy) evaluated daily subcutaneous ARA 290 4 mg or placebo for 28 days, with follow-up to day 56. [human]\\n\\nNeuropathic symptoms measured by PainDetect questionnaire improved significantly in the ARA 290 group versus placebo (p=0.037 repeated measures ANOVA); improvement persisted and increased at day 56. [human]\\n\\nCorneal nerve fiber density (CNFD), a marker of small nerve fibers, increased significantly in ARA 290-treated participants with baseline CNFD >1 SD below normal, while no change occurred in placebo. [human]\\n\\nMetabolic parameters including HbA1c and lipids showed improvement in the ARA 290 group over the observation period. [human]\\n\\nNo safety issues were identified in this or related small human studies. [human]\\n\\nSimilar symptom improvements and CNFD increases were observed in separate small trials of ARA 290 in sarcoidosis-associated SFN. [human]\\n\\n## Preclinical Context\\nIn animal models of diabetic and other neuropathies, ARA 290 has been associated with reduced inflammation via the innate repair receptor (IRR) and support for nerve fiber regrowth, distinct from direct analgesia. [preclinical]\\n\\n## Mechanistic Framing\\nARA 290 selectively engages the IRR to promote tissue protection and repair processes rather than suppressing immune function broadly. [mechanistic]\\n\\nNo large-scale phase 3 trials in diabetic neuropathy are documented in available sources. Development status appears limited based on secondary repor","tokens_in":0,"tokens_out":0,"cost":0,"prev":"genesis","hash":"c95db58bdb949e7846678201147593f950bad5213187ce407ff0783e3bed0e61"},{"ts":"2026-06-29T10:31:21.295Z","model":"grok-4.3","action":"sources","prompt":"","input":"ara-290-diabetic-neuropathy","response":"6 source(s) added","tokens_in":0,"tokens_out":0,"cost":0,"prev":"c95db58bdb949e7846678201147593f950bad5213187ce407ff0783e3bed0e61","hash":"559242e778fc82e657c725a1a4063fe5c13120d69867222d03cb1460e34d9e13"},{"ts":"2026-06-29T10:31:51.439Z","model":"grok-4.3","action":"sources","prompt":"","input":"ara-290-diabetic-neuropathy","response":"3 source(s) added","tokens_in":0,"tokens_out":0,"cost":0,"prev":"559242e778fc82e657c725a1a4063fe5c13120d69867222d03cb1460e34d9e13","hash":"8e2a30299b865e0ca9eccd07c22d6644c1d68e922bab42e10c87cdd5c178ff9d"},{"ts":"2026-06-29T10:32:28.761Z","model":"grok-4.3","action":"sources","prompt":"","input":"ara-290-diabetic-neuropathy","response":"6 source(s) added","tokens_in":0,"tokens_out":0,"cost":0,"prev":"8e2a30299b865e0ca9eccd07c22d6644c1d68e922bab42e10c87cdd5c178ff9d","hash":"4029dc013514aa6ccf0e9e7b2a8295d946f13c35ce7b45398ffb5a00823b35c8"},{"ts":"2026-06-29T10:33:05.703Z","model":"grok-4.3","action":"sources","prompt":"","input":"ara-290-diabetic-neuropathy","response":"2 source(s) added","tokens_in":0,"tokens_out":0,"cost":0,"prev":"4029dc013514aa6ccf0e9e7b2a8295d946f13c35ce7b45398ffb5a00823b35c8","hash":"8e457bee4128738ceb57e7d73adbde716b38e5c87f522e7fbe4326b9985908a2"},{"ts":"2026-06-29T10:33:33.642Z","model":"grok-4.3","action":"sources","prompt":"","input":"ara-290-diabetic-neuropathy","response":"5 source(s) added","tokens_in":0,"tokens_out":0,"cost":0,"prev":"8e457bee4128738ceb57e7d73adbde716b38e5c87f522e7fbe4326b9985908a2","hash":"98b64f3b634e2b9076b7b49d8f2632d81aae8fade375e4a849902baf9364e72d"},{"ts":"2026-06-29T12:48:06.683Z","model":"system/audit-repair","action":"repair","prompt":"","input":"ara-290-diabetic-neuropathy","response":"{\"materialized\":0,\"before\":[\"missing constitution slots: what_it_is, what_is_known, what_is_unknown, limitations, disclaimer\"],\"after\":[\"missing constitution slots: what_it_is, what_is_known, what_is_unknown, limitations, disclaimer\"]}","tokens_in":0,"tokens_out":0,"cost":0,"prev":"98b64f3b634e2b9076b7b49d8f2632d81aae8fade375e4a849902baf9364e72d","hash":"f70e5fa28eb124c7098e8f91628713a34b8ec11c08ca91049c67032cfa7dd05b"},{"ts":"2026-06-29T12:48:07.294Z","model":"system/audit-repair","action":"claim","prompt":"","input":"ara-290-diabetic-neuropathy c27","response":"ARA-290 for Diabetic Neuropathy: Human Trial Data is catalogued in this miscsubjects ledger as a tier-honest evidence graph (claims + hash-chained sources). This page summarizes what is claimed in the literature and online about the topic — not clinical recommendations.","tokens_in":0,"tokens_out":0,"cost":0,"prev":"f70e5fa28eb124c7098e8f91628713a34b8ec11c08ca91049c67032cfa7dd05b","hash":"291deb9ab002ba4a32dd24f6f063f435e10eb19bca39632250c3384f4e104453"},{"ts":"2026-06-29T12:48:07.380Z","model":"system/audit-repair","action":"claim","prompt":"","input":"ara-290-diabetic-neuropathy c28","response":"Per this ledger on ARA-290 for Diabetic Neuropathy: Human Trial Data: 9 scientific and 14 anecdotal sources are catalogued; 5 preclinical claim(s) summarize animal/cell literature in-catalogue.","tokens_in":0,"tokens_out":0,"cost":0,"prev":"291deb9ab002ba4a32dd24f6f063f435e10eb19bca39632250c3384f4e104453","hash":"e8b0dfb4e4d41db02052c9b4f5b0c977f8785c25f4b158fe14e5dc3b80624f07"},{"ts":"2026-06-29T12:48:07.477Z","model":"system/audit-repair","action":"claim","prompt":"","input":"ara-290-diabetic-neuropathy c29","response":"Not established in this ledger: large randomized human trials for common marketed uses; long-term human safety beyond small pilots; condition-specific efficacy where only anecdotal or preclinical sources exist (explicit gaps remain in question graph).","tokens_in":0,"tokens_out":0,"cost":0,"prev":"e8b0dfb4e4d41db02052c9b4f5b0c977f8785c25f4b158fe14e5dc3b80624f07","hash":"4b349f151f87a34f3b2096cb80251814269bd55058b1b6a918f7f749dbe1173d"},{"ts":"2026-06-29T12:48:07.584Z","model":"system/audit-repair","action":"claim","prompt":"","input":"ara-290-diabetic-neuropathy c30","response":"Hash-chained sources verify integrity, not clinical truth. Evidence mix is predominantly preclinical and anecdotal; human data are sparse. No dosing, protocol, or treatment recommendations — catalogue only.","tokens_in":0,"tokens_out":0,"cost":0,"prev":"4b349f151f87a34f3b2096cb80251814269bd55058b1b6a918f7f749dbe1173d","hash":"9bb8a7617dab7c3d2b8f97d5b72f7da92398bb045eae52c86f109788dbddc752"},{"ts":"2026-06-29T12:48:07.640Z","model":"system/audit-repair","action":"claim","prompt":"","input":"ara-290-diabetic-neuropathy c31","response":"Not medical advice. Tier-honest research catalogue only — consult qualified healthcare professionals for personal health decisions.","tokens_in":0,"tokens_out":0,"cost":0,"prev":"9bb8a7617dab7c3d2b8f97d5b72f7da92398bb045eae52c86f109788dbddc752","hash":"6542acff22fa90ef0e466cbbd11c3a3025d2323e2908d5780a7d369a774492dd"},{"ts":"2026-06-29T12:48:08.361Z","model":"system/audit-repair","action":"repair","prompt":"","input":"ara-290-diabetic-neuropathy","response":"{\"materialized\":0,\"before\":[],\"after\":[]}","tokens_in":0,"tokens_out":0,"cost":0,"prev":"6542acff22fa90ef0e466cbbd11c3a3025d2323e2908d5780a7d369a774492dd","hash":"257944bd5a2c8dbf0883f8ffc20791486ae83a4f9455548d9beb5671c6267ee1"},{"ts":"2026-06-29T13:01:08.422Z","model":"kimi/moonshot-v1-8k","action":"collaborate","prompt":"","input":"ara-290-diabetic-neuropathy","response":"I am adding explicit gaps in knowledge and naming anecdotal claimants as requested. I am not Grok because I am following the instructions to add missing information rather than inventing or challenging claims.","tokens_in":2781,"tokens_out":281,"cost":0,"prev":"257944bd5a2c8dbf0883f8ffc20791486ae83a4f9455548d9beb5671c6267ee1","hash":"6ce9f4afb5ff9557a3900c009a02368e0ebc598f9e873806633430c37beb5620"},{"ts":"2026-06-29T13:02:15.213Z","model":"kimi/moonshot-v1-8k","action":"collaborate","prompt":"","input":"ara-290-diabetic-neuropathy","response":"As collaborator #1 on the miscsubjects peptide evidence ledger, I am adding explicit gaps in knowledge and naming who claims what from anecdotes where missing, as per the instructions.","tokens_in":2781,"tokens_out":408,"cost":0,"prev":"6ce9f4afb5ff9557a3900c009a02368e0ebc598f9e873806633430c37beb5620","hash":"036ceba59398b7ef0c4dc1b04c3fc82197e3371db66e572e98c9bd893783264e"},{"ts":"2026-06-29T13:21:46.135Z","model":"system/audit-repair","action":"repair","prompt":"","input":"ara-290-diabetic-neuropathy","response":"{\"materialized\":0,\"before\":[],\"after\":[]}","tokens_in":0,"tokens_out":0,"cost":0,"prev":"036ceba59398b7ef0c4dc1b04c3fc82197e3371db66e572e98c9bd893783264e","hash":"248e5fe1eaec9079a44bf40c7ec52d8557704a4d12cb6e2b722b8a178cc997a3"},{"ts":"2026-06-29T13:21:47.429Z","model":"system/audit-repair","action":"repair","prompt":"","input":"ara-290-diabetic-neuropathy","response":"{\"materialized\":0,\"before\":[],\"after\":[]}","tokens_in":0,"tokens_out":0,"cost":0,"prev":"248e5fe1eaec9079a44bf40c7ec52d8557704a4d12cb6e2b722b8a178cc997a3","hash":"aa7e3981612a09a2c6279995e77f2054b1f402f570619a68687d1fe486a0cb7c"},{"ts":"2026-06-29T14:27:15.436Z","model":"gemini/gemini-2.5-flash","action":"collaborate","prompt":"","input":"ara-290-diabetic-neuropathy","response":"I am Gemini, not Grok. I added three tier-honest claims to address gaps in the ledger, focusing on 'what_is_unknown' and 'who_claims_what' slots, using only provided source IDs. I also challenged a mis-tiered claim to ensure accuracy.","tokens_in":2894,"tokens_out":529,"cost":0,"prev":"aa7e3981612a09a2c6279995e77f2054b1f402f570619a68687d1fe486a0cb7c","hash":"0d22c156e2c0e1581fe3c63764fa02e09e2420ec3ff2bdfb8f69a8200fec34e6"},{"ts":"2026-06-29T14:27:55.989Z","model":"gemini/gemini-2.5-flash","action":"collaborate","prompt":"","input":"ara-290-diabetic-neuropathy","response":"As Gemini, I've identified and added three tier-honest claims to address gaps in the ledger, focusing on 'what_is_unknown' and 'who_claims_what' slots, using only provided source IDs. I am not Grok, and my additions are based on the explicit instructions to fill specific knowledge gaps and ensure source integrity within the given topology.","tokens_in":2950,"tokens_out":510,"cost":0,"prev":"0d22c156e2c0e1581fe3c63764fa02e09e2420ec3ff2bdfb8f69a8200fec34e6","hash":"b83ac09a9afb894c70fb96b2be247868a5997a27daef84c9b0b03f5fbd699e1f"},{"ts":"2026-06-29T14:28:50.261Z","model":"grok/grok-4.3","action":"synthesize_body","prompt":"","input":"ara-290-diabetic-neuropathy","response":"## Regeneration vs degeneration — where this fits\nNerves can break down faster than they rebuild. In diabetic neuropathy, small fibers lose function. Signals for pain and numbness stay active because the tissue itself is not repaired. ARA-290 is studied for whether it can support regrowth of those fibers instead of only quieting the pain signal.\n\n## What it is\nARA-290 is an 11-amino-acid peptide. It comes from erythropoietin but does not raise red blood cells. It targets the innate repair receptor.\n\n## How it works\nStep 1: The peptide binds the innate repair receptor.  \nStep 2: Binding changes cell signaling toward protection and repair.  \nStep 3: In models, this reduces certain inflammatory signals and supports nerve structure.  \nStep 4: In one human trial, corneal nerve fiber density rose in the treatment arm while it stayed flat in placebo.\n\n## Why it would work (logic chain)\nIf the receptor drives tissue protection, then binding it should slow breakdown. If breakdown slows, then regrowth can catch up. If small-fiber density rises, then sensation and pain scores can change. The 2015 trial tested this chain in type 2 diabetes patients with neuropathy.\n\n## Why people take it\nPeople with diabetic neuropathy or small-fiber neuropathy seek options that address nerve structure rather than only symptoms. Some read the 2015 trial and look for the same compound.\n\n## How many people take it\nThe ledger shows no population count. Use remains outside approved indications. Number of users is unknown.\n\n## Evidence inventory\n- Human controlled data: 1 source (phase 2 RCT, source s1).  \n- Preclinical or review sources: 7 sources (sources s2, s3, s6, s7, s8, s9, s19).  \n- Anecdotal sources: 13 Reddit posts + 1 YouTube video = 14 total.  \n- Total sources catalogued: 23.  \n- X posts: 0.\n\n## What scientists say\nThe 2015 phase 2 RCT (source s1) found PainDetect scores improved more with ARA-290 than placebo. In patients with low baseline corneal nerve fiber density, density rose after","tokens_in":7425,"tokens_out":927,"cost":0,"prev":"b83ac09a9afb894c70fb96b2be247868a5997a27daef84c9b0b03f5fbd699e1f","hash":"3cde8dc47f99175f44aad4d77627fe5b736dd9a4e883bc8f99cc42e984133d66"},{"ts":"2026-06-29T17:57:24.645Z","model":"grok-4.3","action":"sources","prompt":"","input":"ara-290-diabetic-neuropathy","response":"5 source(s) added","tokens_in":0,"tokens_out":0,"cost":0,"prev":"3cde8dc47f99175f44aad4d77627fe5b736dd9a4e883bc8f99cc42e984133d66","hash":"dc75aaded938fb4424961d6052b11b4e59cc308fadecd86eda48ae06e01582c5"},{"ts":"2026-06-29T17:57:52.332Z","model":"grok-4.3","action":"sources","prompt":"","input":"ara-290-diabetic-neuropathy","response":"6 source(s) added","tokens_in":0,"tokens_out":0,"cost":0,"prev":"dc75aaded938fb4424961d6052b11b4e59cc308fadecd86eda48ae06e01582c5","hash":"120accc260add0a7285920dc50975f1e4fa2ab73977d0190d04fb3902346d636"},{"ts":"2026-06-29T19:40:03.691Z","model":"repair","action":"repair","prompt":"","input":"ara-290-diabetic-neuropathy","response":"{\"materialized\":0,\"before\":[],\"after\":[],\"focus_stats\":{\"roles_assigned\":0,\"excluded_sources\":0,\"commercial_sources\":0,\"cut_claims\":0,\"core\":4,\"cycle\":3,\"adjacent\":14}}","tokens_in":0,"tokens_out":0,"cost":0,"prev":"120accc260add0a7285920dc50975f1e4fa2ab73977d0190d04fb3902346d636","hash":"4e6c2f9f4c29f3fe149650bc62b6946ed393b3ebf7d9c7ee3a9ae7ff0989e7f9"},{"ts":"2026-06-29T20:54:05.113Z","model":"fill-slots","action":"claim","prompt":"","input":"ara-290-diabetic-neuropathy c56","response":"ARA-290 for Diabetic Neuropathy: Human Trial Data is catalogued in this miscsubjects ledger as a tier-honest evidence graph (claims + hash-chained sources). This page summarizes what is claimed in the literature and online about the topic — not clinical recommendations.","tokens_in":0,"tokens_out":0,"cost":0,"prev":"4e6c2f9f4c29f3fe149650bc62b6946ed393b3ebf7d9c7ee3a9ae7ff0989e7f9","hash":"6eade5684e6f6d05842ca018d53000beddd0cf902084fd43e2f0e483facf9300"},{"ts":"2026-06-29T20:54:07.145Z","model":"fill-slots","action":"claim","prompt":"","input":"ara-290-diabetic-neuropathy c57","response":"Hash-chained sources verify integrity, not clinical truth. Evidence mix is predominantly preclinical and anecdotal; human data are sparse. No dosing, protocol, or treatment recommendations — catalogue only.","tokens_in":0,"tokens_out":0,"cost":0,"prev":"6eade5684e6f6d05842ca018d53000beddd0cf902084fd43e2f0e483facf9300","hash":"b7cab4a934b7299b07b3db6af1ce8b606115e57ca3a6382bbe14e663a8ba9cd1"},{"ts":"2026-06-29T21:27:43.105Z","model":"grok-4.3","action":"sources","prompt":"","input":"ara-290-diabetic-neuropathy","response":"1 source(s) added","tokens_in":0,"tokens_out":0,"cost":0,"prev":"b7cab4a934b7299b07b3db6af1ce8b606115e57ca3a6382bbe14e663a8ba9cd1","hash":"000505b69ccd72b4c98db4d194141c901ee8e52f33baa345b774ac8ef2842197"},{"ts":"2026-06-29T21:28:01.737Z","model":"grok-4.3","action":"sources","prompt":"","input":"ara-290-diabetic-neuropathy","response":"2 source(s) added","tokens_in":0,"tokens_out":0,"cost":0,"prev":"000505b69ccd72b4c98db4d194141c901ee8e52f33baa345b774ac8ef2842197","hash":"3949f994c4060db3998940884f5a29f8a6571ebc0df132aac0e3506ecc59dd43"},{"ts":"2026-07-17T02:38:10.322Z","model":"owner","action":"voxel_divide","prompt":"","input":"ara-290-diabetic-neuropathy","response":"24 DIVs from body (verbatim, roundtrip-checked)","tokens_in":0,"tokens_out":0,"cost":0,"prev":"3949f994c4060db3998940884f5a29f8a6571ebc0df132aac0e3506ecc59dd43","hash":"0f374475cc703edbb0fcd82398265d9422965501df015a90f889d696878d88b2"}]}